Section 1 Use of Eninglish
Directions :
Millions of Americans andforeigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American militaryadventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )inWorld War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown intohero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdensof battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food andshelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was nota volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the besttrained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.
His name is not much.GI. is just amilitary abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of thearticle 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) itto the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The UnitedStates has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe.
GI .joe had a (11)careerfighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as acharacter ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movieThe Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle.Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famousfor covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mudsoldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated,His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist BillMaulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilizationthat the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco,whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I.Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives.
1.[A]performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed
2.[A]actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal
3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded
4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes
5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence
6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against
7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming
8.[A]handedout [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down
9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed
10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither
11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished
12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony
13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned
14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human
15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained
16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted
17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired
18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea
19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond
20.[A]onthe contrary [B] by this means [C]from the outset [D]at that point
Section II Resdiong Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read thefollowing four texts. answer the question after each text by choosing A,B,C orD. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)
Text 1
Homework has never been terriblypopular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has beenparticularly scorned. School districts across the country, most recently LosAngeles Unified, are revising their thinking on his educational ritual.Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandatesthat with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer countfor more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.
This rule is meant to address thedifficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have incompleting their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory.Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do withoutexpensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass tostudents who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, itis going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered forpoor children.
District administrators say thathomework will still be a pat of schooling: teachers are allowed to assign asmuch of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% oftheir grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see vey littledifference on their report cards. Some students might do well on state testswithout completing their homework, but what about the students who performedwell on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that thehomework helped. Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what works bestfor their students, the policy imposes a flat, across-the-board rule.
At the same time, the policyaddresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework. If the districtfinds homework to be unimportant to its students’ academic achievement, itshould move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not make them count foralmost nothing. Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensure that thehomework students are not assigning more than they are willing to review andcorrect.
The homework rules should be puton hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educationalpolicy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It is not too latefor L.A. Unified to do homework right.
21.It isimplied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____.
[A] isreceiving more criticism
[B]is nolonger an educational ritual
[C]is notrequired for advanced courses
[D]isgaining more preferences
22.L.A.Unifiedhas made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_____.
[A]tendto have moderate expectations for their education
[B]haveasked for a different educational standard
[C]mayhave problems finishing their homework
[D]havevoiced their complaints about homework
23.Accordingto Paragraph 3,one problem with the policy is that it may____.
[A]discouragestudents from doing homework
[B]resultin students' indifference to their report cards
[C]underminethe authority of state tests
[D]restrictteachers' power in education
24. Asmentioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homework iswhether______.
[A] it should be eliminated [B]it counts much in schooling
[C]itplaces extra burdens on teachers [D]it is important for grades
25.Asuitable title for this text could be______.
[A]WrongInterpretation of an Educational Policy
[B]AWelcomed Policy for Poor Students
[C]ThornyQuestions about Homework
[D]AFaulty Approach to Homework
Text2
Pretty in pink: adult women do notrememer being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our younggirls’ lives. Tt is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tinyslice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it alsorepeatedly and firmly fuses girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presentsthat connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocentbut as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lackof imagination about girls’ lives and interests.
Girls’ attraction to pink may seemunavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, anassociate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were notcolour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domesticwashing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the onlyway of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What’s more, both boys and girlswore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses.When nursery colours wereintroduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastelversion of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimationsof the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It wasnot until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became adominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, whenit began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them asfemale, at least for the first few critical years.
I had not realised how profoundlymarketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kins, includingour core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. Iassumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research intochildren’s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, acdording to Daniel Cook, a historianof childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothingmanufacrurers in the 1930s.
Trade publications counselleddepartment stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “thirdstepping stone” between infant wear and older kids’ clothes. Tt was only after“toddler”became a common shoppers’ term that it evolved into a broadly accepteddevelopmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults,into ever-tinier categories hasproved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segmenta market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did notpreviously exist.
26.Bysaying "it is...the rainbow"(Line 3, Para.1),the author meanspink______.
[A]shouldnot be the sole representation of girlhood
[B]shouldnot be associated with girls' innocence
[C]cannotexplain girls' lack of imagination
[D]cannotinfluence girls' lives and interests
27.Accordingto Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours？
[A]Coloursare encoded in girls' DNA.
[B]Blueused to be regarded as the colour for girls.
[C]Pinkused to be a neutral colour in symbolising genders.
[D]Whiteis prefered by babies.
28.Theauthor suggests that our perception of children's psychological development wasmuch influenced by_____.
[A]themarketing of products for children
[B]theobservation of children's nature
[C]researchesinto children's behavior
[D]studiesof childhood consumption
29.We maylearn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to_____.
[A]focuson infant wear and older kids' clothes
[B]attachequal importance to different genders
[C]classifyconsumers into smaller groups
[D]createsome common shoppers' terms
30.It canbe concluded that girls' attraction to pink seems to be____.
[A]clearly explained by their inborn tendency
[B]fullyunderstood by clothing manufacturers
[C]mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen
[D]wellinterpreted by psychological experts
Text 3
In 2010. a federal judge shookAmerica's biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolatedDNA for decades-by 2005 some 20% of human genes were parented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes wereunpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology IndustryOrganisation (BIO)， a trade group， assured members that this was just a“preliminary step” in a longer battle.
On July 29th they were relieved， at least temporarily. A federal appealscourt overturned the prior decision，ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed holb patents to two genss that helpforecast a woman's risk of breast cancer. The chief executive of Myriad， a company in Utah，said the ruling was a blessing to firms andpatients alike.
But as companies continue theirattempts at personalised medicine，the courts will remain rather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not overCritics make three main arguments against gene patents： a gene is a product of nature， so it may not be patented； gene patents suppress innovation rather thanreward it； and patents' monopolies restrictaccess to genetic tests such as Myriad's. A growing number seem to agree.Lastyear a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests. InOctober the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case， arguing that an isolated DNA molecule “is noless a product of nature... than are cotton fibres that have been separatedfrom cotton seeds. ”
Despite the appeals court'sdecision， big questions remain unanswered.For example， it is unclear whether thesequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of indivi dual genes withinit. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.
AS the industry advances,however,other suits may have an even greater impact.companies are unlikely tofile many more patents for human DNA molecules-most are already patented orin the public domain .firms are now studying how genes intcract,lookingfor correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease orpredict a drug’s efficacy,companies are eager to win patents for ‘connectingthe dits’,expaains hans sauer,alawyer for the BIO.
Their success may be determined bya suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the SupremeCourt will hear in its next term. The BIO rtcently held a convention whichincluded seddions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Eachmeeting was packed.
31.itcanbe learned from paragraph I that the biotech companies would like-----
A.theirexecutives to be active B.judgesto rule out gene patenting
C.genesto be patcntablc D.the BIOto issue a warning
32.thosewho are against gene patents believe that----
A.genetictests are not reliable
B.onlyman-made products are patentable
C.patentson genes depend much on innovatiaon
D.courtsshould restrict access to gene tic tests
33.accordingto hans sauer ,companies are eager to win patents for----
A.establishingdisease comelations B.discoveringgene interactions
C.drawingpictures of genes D.identifyinghuman DNA
34．By saying “each meeting waspacked”(line4,para6)the author means that -----
A.thesupreme court was authoritative
B.the BIOwas a powerful organization
C.genepatenting was a great concern
D.lawyerswere keen to attend conventiongs
35.generallyspeaking ,the author’s attitude toward gene patenting is----
A.critical B.supportive
C.scornful D.objective
Text 4
The great recession may be over,but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before it ends,
it will likely change the lifecourse and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it islikely to reshape our politics,our culture, and the character of our societyfor years.
No one tries harder than thejobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many saidthat unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways;they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were moreaware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recessionwill leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from ournational fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary endto an era of reckless personal spending.
But for the most part, thesebenefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences ofEconomic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that bothinside and outside the U.S. ,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or declinehave almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and haveusually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrantsentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.
Income inequality usually fallsduring a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one,. Indeed, this period ofeconomic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities tocross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter,the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduatinginto a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from eliteuniversities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been ifthey had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are leftbehind.
In the internet age, it isparticularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden winthinAmerican society. More difficult, in the moment , is discerning precisely howthese lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S.was more socially tolerant entering this resession than at any time in itshistory, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then haveshown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard timeswill reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so thelonger they extend.
36.Bysaying “to find silver linings”（Line 1,Para.2）the author suggest that thejobless try to___.
[A]seeksubsidies from the govemment
[B]explorereasons for the unermployment
[C]makeprofits from the troubled economy
[D]lookon the bright side of the recession
37.Accordingto Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____.
[A]realizethe national dream [B]struggleagainst each other
[C]challengetheir lifestyle [D]reconsider their lifestyle
38.BenjaminFriedman believe that economic recessions may_____.
[A]imposea heavier burden on immigrants
[B]bringout more evils of human nature
[C]Promotethe advance of rights and freedoms
[D]easeconflicts between races and classes
39.Theresearch of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from eliteuniversities tend to _____.
[A]lagbehind the others due to decreased opportunities
[B]catchup quickly with experienced employees
[C]seetheir life chances as dimmed as the others’
[D]recovermore quickly than the others
40.Theauthor thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____.
[A]certain [B]positive
[C]trivial [D]destructive
Part B
Directions:
Read the followingtext and answer the questions by finding information from the left column thatcorresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There aretwo extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.(10points)
“Universal history, the history of whatman has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Menwho have worked here,” wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not anymore it is not.
Suddenly, Britain looks to havefallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than apassing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we nowapproach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and moreinterested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.
From the earliest days of theRenaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives ofgreat men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De VirisIllustribus – On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classicalheroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising tothe top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turnedon its head. In The Prince, the championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness,rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.
Over time, the attributes ofgreatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authorsof their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist's personal experiencerather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wroteSelf-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers , industrialists andexplores . "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help,if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in theformulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit,"wroteSmiles."what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself"Hisbiographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held upas beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.
This was all a bit bourgeois forThomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of MartinLuther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figuresrepresented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higherauthority than mere mortals.
Communist Manifesto. For them,history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It isman, real, living man who does all that.” And history should be the story ofthe masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed to appreciate theeconomic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epochstood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as theyplease; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but undercircumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.”
This was the tradition whichrevolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle,Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History frombelow stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms ofunderstanding — from gender to race to cultural studies — were opened up asscholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed publichistory too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.
[A] emphasized the virtue of classical heroes. | |
41. Petrarch | [B] highlighted the public glory of the leading artists. |
42. Niccolo Machiavellli | [C] focused on epochal figures whose lives were hard to imitate |
43. Samuel Smiles | [D] opened up new realms of understanding the great men in history. |
44. Thomas Carlyle | [E] held that history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. |
45. Marx and Engels | [F] dismissed virtue as unnecessary for successful leaders. |
[G] depicted the worthy lives of engineer industrialists and explorers. |
Section III Translation
46.Directions:
Translatethe following text from English into Chinese.Write your translationon ANSWER SHEET2.(15 points)
When people in developingcountries worry about migration,they are usually concerned at theprospect of ther best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or tohospitals and universities in the developed world ,These are the kind ofworkers that countries like Britian ,Canada and Australia tryto attract by using immigration rules that privilege collegegraduates .
Lots of studies have found thatwell-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely toemigrate .A big survey of Indian households in 2004 foundthat nearly 40%of emigrants had more than a high-school education,compared with around 3.3%of all Indians over the age of 25.This"brain drain "has long bothered policymakers in poor countries,They fear that it hurts their economies ,depriving them of much-neededskilled workers who could have taught at their universities ,worked intheir hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factoriesto make .
Section IV Writing
Part A
47.Directions
Suppose you have found somethingwrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an onlinstore the other day ,Write an email to the customer service center to
1)make a complaint and
2)demand a prompt solution
You should write about 100words onANSERE SHEET 2
Do not sign your own name at theend of the letter ,Use "zhang wei "instead .
Part B
48.Directions
write an essay based on thefollowing table .In your writing you should
1)describe the table ,and
2)give your comments
You should write at least 150words(15points)
某公司员工工作满意度调查
年龄 -------满意度 | 满意 | 不清楚 | 不满意 |
小于等于40岁 | 16.7% | 50.0% | 33．3% |
41-50岁 | 0.0% | 36.0% | 64.0% |
大于50岁 | 40.0 | 50.0% | 10.0% |
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.B
16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D 21. A 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.C
31.C 32.B 33.A 34.D 35.D 36.D 37.D 38.B 39.D 40.A
41-45：AFGCE
小作文范文：
Dear Siror Madame,
As one of the regular customers ofyour online store, I am writing this letter to express my complaint against theflaws in your product—an electronic dictionary I bought in your shop the otherday.
The dictionary is supposed to be afavorable tool for my study. Unfortunately, I found that there are severalproblems. To begin with, when I opened it, I detected that the appearance of ithad been scratched. Secondly, I did not find the battery promised in theadvertisement posted on the homepage of your shop, which makes me feel that youhave not kept your promise. What is worse, some of the keys on the keyboard donot work.
I strongly request that asatisfactory explanation be given and effective measures should be taken toimprove your service and the quality of your products. You can either send anew one to me or refund me my money in full.
I am looking forward to your replyat your earliest convenience.
Sincerelyyours,
ZhangWei
大作文范文：
The table above revealed anoverall picture of employment satisfaction. Based upon the data of the table,most people under 40 are unclear or dissatisfied with their job, and 64% ofthose between 40 to 50, are not satisfied and no one feel satisfied at all. Forpeople over 50, the degree of satisfaction largely exceeds the other groups,amounting to 40%.
Such difference may be rooted inthe following reasons. First, middle-aged people face more pressure to supportthe family, both the children and the senior, so that they neglect to enjoy inwork. Second, the senior citizens has developed a lot in personality, so theyare more prone to see the optimistic aspects of the work. Last, the conclusionthat the current society patterns pose more challenges to the middle aged groupunder 50.
To sum up, the senior citizensenjoys more content than the young and middle-aged people under 50.
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